On 24 October 1964, Zambia became independent of the United Kingdom and prime minister Kenneth Kaunda became the inaugural president. For most of the colonial period, Zambia was governed by an administration appointed from London with the advice of the British South Africa Company. These were merged in 1911 to form Northern Rhodesia. Following European explorers in the eighteenth century, the British colonised the region into the British protectorates of Barotseland-North-Western Rhodesia and North-Eastern Rhodesia comprising 73 tribes, towards the end of the nineteenth century. Originally inhabited by Khoisan peoples, the region was affected by the Bantu expansion of the thirteenth century. The nation's population of around 19.5 million, is concentrated mainly around Lusaka in the south and the Copperbelt Province to the north, the core economic hubs of the country. The capital city of Zambia is Lusaka, located in the south-central part of Zambia. Its neighbors are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the northeast, Malawi to the east, Mozambique to the southeast, Zimbabwe and Botswana to the south, Namibia to the southwest, and Angola to the west. Zambia ( / ˈ z æ m b i ə, ˈ z ɑː m-/), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central, Southern and East Africa, although it is typically referred to as being in South-Central Africa.
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